Introduction
Foot pain is frustrating enough without the added confusion of not knowing what’s causing it. Many people mistakenly assume bunions and corns are the same thing. After all, both can make walking uncomfortable and both tend to develop near the toes. But that’s where the similarities end.
At Sole Foot and Ankle, our goal is to help patients in Valparaiso, Indiana, understand their foot health. Whether you’re dealing with a visible bump or painful pressure on your toes, recognizing the difference between a bunion and a corn is the first step to effective treatment.
In this post, we’ll clear up the confusion by breaking down the causes, symptoms, and treatments for both bunions and corns—and explain when you should visit a podiatrist for expert care.
Key Takeaways
- Bunions and corns are not the same: Bunions are joint deformities, while corns are skin thickening caused by pressure or friction.
- Both can cause discomfort, but the source and treatment are very different.
- Seeing a podiatrist can help accurately diagnose and treat foot problems.
- Proper footwear and early intervention are key to preventing both conditions.
What Are Bunions and Corns?
Bunions: A Joint Deformity
A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. It occurs when the first metatarsal bone shifts outward while the big toe turns inward toward the others. Over time, this misalignment causes the joint to protrude, resulting in swelling, pain, and difficulty walking.
Common Symptoms of Bunions:
- A noticeable bump on the side of the big toe
- Redness and swelling
- Pain while wearing shoes
- Limited range of motion in the toe
Corns: Skin Response to Friction
Corns are thickened areas of skin that develop in response to repeated pressure or friction—usually from ill-fitting shoes. They typically form on the tops or sides of toes or on weight-bearing parts of the foot.
Common Symptoms of Corns:
- Small, round, hardened patches of skin
- Sensitivity to touch or pressure
- A dry or waxy appearance
- Pain that feels like you’re stepping on a pebble
How Are They Different?
Here’s a clear side-by-side comparison:
| Feature | Bunion | Corn |
|---|---|---|
| Cause | Bone misalignment and joint deformity | Pressure/friction from footwear or toe deformities |
| Location | Base of the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) | Tops, sides, or bottoms of toes or feet |
| Appearance | Bony bump near the joint | Small, thickened patch of skin |
| Pain | Aching or throbbing, especially in tight shoes | Sharp, localized discomfort |
| Treatment | Orthotics, toe spacers, surgery if severe | Padding, footwear change, gentle debridement |
Common Misconceptions
It’s easy to mistake one for the other, especially if pain and pressure are involved. Here are a few myths we often hear at our foot clinic in Valparaiso:
- Myth: Corns are early-stage bunions.
Fact: They’re completely different conditions involving skin vs. bone. - Myth: Both can be fixed with the same treatment.
Fact: Bunions may need surgical correction, while corns respond well to pressure relief. - Myth: Bunions only affect older adults.
Fact: Bunions can develop in young people, especially with a family history.
What Causes Bunions and Corns?
Bunion Causes:
- Genetics (they often run in families)
- Foot structure (flat feet, pronation)
- Tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes
- Arthritis or joint instability
Corn Causes:
- Ill-fitting shoes
- Hammertoes or foot deformities
- Walking barefoot on hard surfaces
- Repetitive motion or friction
Both conditions are aggravated by footwear that doesn’t provide adequate support or space for your toes.
When to See a Podiatrist
If you’re unsure whether you’re dealing with a bunion or a corn, a proper diagnosis is key. A podiatrist, like our team at Sole Foot and Ankle, can examine your feet, take imaging if needed, and recommend the best course of action.
Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore:
- Persistent foot pain, especially while walking
- Visible changes in foot structure
- Difficulty finding shoes that fit comfortably
- Skin irritation or open sores
Ignoring the symptoms can lead to worsening deformities or infections, especially in diabetic patients.
Preventing Bunions and Corns
While you can’t change your genetics, you can take steps to reduce your risk:
- Wear well-fitted, supportive shoes with a wide toe box.
- Avoid high heels or shoes that squeeze your toes.
- Use cushioned insoles or orthotics to redistribute pressure.
- Practice good foot hygiene and moisturize regularly.
- Check your feet daily—especially if you have diabetes.
A Note from Sole Foot and Ankle
At Sole Foot and Ankle, we specialize in diagnosing and treating foot and ankle conditions—whether you’re dealing with bunions, corns, or other concerns. Our experienced podiatrists offer compassionate, expert care tailored to your unique needs.
If foot pain is slowing you down, don’t wait. Let us help you step forward with confidence.
Schedule an appointment today or call to learn more about our personalized podiatry services.
